75%
of spending on high-bandwidth memory (HBM) used by Nvidia's AI chips in Q4 2025; 97% by the four largest AI chip designers
What the chart shows
Epoch AI estimates how much of spending on high-bandwidth memory (HBM) goes into the AI chips of the four largest designers. In Q4 2025 Nvidia’s chips used about 75%, Google’s 8.9%, AMD’s 7.2% and Amazon’s 5.2%: 97% together, against 67% in Q1 2024.
High-bandwidth memory (HBM) is stacked memory placed next to the processor; AI chips need it to feed data fast enough. Shares are of spending on HBM, since supply is reported in dollars.
Key numbers
| Measure | Value |
|---|---|
| Nvidia, Q4 2025 | 75% |
| Google, Q4 2025 | 8.9% |
| AMD, Q4 2025 | 7.2% |
| Amazon, Q4 2025 | 5.2% |
| Rest of supply, Q4 2025 | 3.4% |
| Four largest designers, Q4 2025 | 97% |
| Four largest designers, Q1 2024 | 67% |
How to read it
- Epoch AI’s median estimates, built from chip sales and each chip’s bill of materials; the uncertainty ranges are wide.
- Rest of supply is Epoch’s residual: untracked designers (such as Apple, Qualcomm or Chinese chipmakers), capacity not used, inventory and modelling error. Shares add up to 100% each quarter.
- The chart ends at the latest quarter Epoch has filled in.
Source: Epoch AI, 2026: AI chip components, read 3 November 2026. Chart and text by AI Adoption.
Numbers checked against the published data on 3 November 2026.
Download the data (CSV) · Cite this chart
Numbers checked against the published data on 3 November 2026.
Download the data (CSV) · Cite this chart
Discussion