100
▲ 3.7× vs 2024
medical AI publications on global health that discussed ethics in 2025, of 193 (51.8%)
20212025
What the chart shows
Of the 193 medical AI publications on global health in 2025, 100 (51.8%) discussed ethics, up from 27 of 67 (40.3%) in 2024. Both counts jumped in 2025: global health papers nearly tripled, and those discussing ethics rose 3.7 times.
Global health papers discuss ethics more often than medical AI papers overall, of which 43.4% did in 2025 (related chart). In 2022, 4 of 10 global health papers did.
Key numbers
| Measure | Value |
|---|---|
| Discussing ethics, 2025 | 100 |
| All on global health, 2025 | 193 |
| Share discussing ethics, 2025 | 51.8% |
| Discussing ethics, 2024 | 27 |
| All on global health, 2024 | 67 |
| Share discussing ethics, 2024 | 40.3% |
How to read it
- Medical AI publications in PubMed Central on global health, and the subset that also discusses ethics, as counted by RAISE Health.
- This data file is labelled 6.4.5_2 in the AI Index data; its values match figure 6.4.4 in the report, which we cite.
Source: RAISE Health, 2026, via the AI Index Report 2026 (Stanford HAI), figure 6.4.4: Number of medical AI, global health, and ethics publications, 2021–25. Chart and text by AI Adoption.
Numbers checked against the published data on 20 October 2026.
Download the data (CSV) · Cite this chart
Numbers checked against the published data on 20 October 2026.
Download the data (CSV) · Cite this chart
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