536
▲ 29% vs 2024
papers reporting prospective trials of clinical imaging AI in 2025
20112025

What the chart shows

Prospective trials test an AI model on patients as care happens, rather than on past records. RAISE Health counted 536 papers reporting prospective trials of clinical imaging AI models in 2025, up 29% from 417 in 2024.

The count was in single digits until 2016 and has grown every year since. Trials the AI Index cites include MASAI, a randomised study of AI-supported mammography screening, and NOTIFY-1, which tested whether flagging heart disease risk that AI spotted on routine CT scans led doctors to prescribe more preventive medication.

Key numbers

MeasureValue
2025536
2024417
202099
20166
20112

How to read it

  • Papers reporting prospective trials of machine learning or AI models in clinical imaging, as counted by RAISE Health.
  • The AI Index text gives growth of 28.5%; we round to 29%. The official chart title says 2010–25; the data starts in 2011.
  • A paper count is not a count of distinct trials, and says nothing about trial results.
Source: RAISE Health, 2026, via the AI Index Report 2026 (Stanford HAI), figure 6.2.3: Number of papers reporting prospective trials of clinical imaging ML/AI models, 2010–25. Chart and text by AI Adoption.
Numbers checked against the published data on 20 October 2026.
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