51.1%
#1 of 21
Share of top AI authors and inventors in the UK with a PhD in 2025, the highest of 21 countries; Australia 50.5%, US 42.0%
What the chart shows
The United Kingdom (51.1%) and Australia (50.5%) have the highest share of top AI authors and inventors with a PhD, followed by Switzerland (43.6%), South Korea (42.5%) and the United States (42.0%).
In 20 of the 21 countries, PhD and master’s holders together make up the majority; Brazil (49.8%) is the exception. India has the highest share at bachelor’s level (33.8%). In nine countries, including Germany, the Netherlands and Canada, master’s holders outnumber PhDs.
Key numbers
| Measure | Value |
|---|---|
| United Kingdom, PhD | 51.1% |
| Australia, PhD | 50.5% |
| United States, PhD | 42.0% |
| India, PhD | 18.5% |
| Brazil, PhD | 18.2% |
| India, bachelor's | 33.8% |
How to read it
- Highest education level recorded for each person, 2025. Bars are sorted by PhD share.
- “Other” covers qualifications outside these categories. It is large in some countries (41.9% in Brazil, 30.4% in Italy), which limits comparisons. It was much larger in early years, so we do not compare with 2010.
- China is not covered by Zeki’s data.
Source: Zeki Data, 2025, via the AI Index Report 2026 (Stanford HAI), figure 1.8.3: Percentage of top AI authors and inventors by education level and country, 2010–25. Chart and text by AI Adoption.
Numbers checked against the published data on 19 October 2026.
Download the data (CSV) · Cite this chart
Numbers checked against the published data on 19 October 2026.
Download the data (CSV) · Cite this chart
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